Imagine you want to talk about a plan you are making, perhaps for a trip this summer.
想象一下，您想谈论您正在制定的计划，也许是今年夏天的旅行计划。
In today’s Everyday Grammar , we will explore some important ideas for discussing plans. You will learn about important verb forms and expressions that can be used to talk about summer vacations, or really any kind of fun event in the future.
在今天的日常语法中，我们将探讨讨论计划的一些重要想法。您将学习重要的动词形式和表达方式，可用于谈论暑假或未来的任何有趣事件。
Will and be going to
将会并且将要
When we talk about planning, we are generally talking about future time. English speakers show future time by using a couple of different structures.
当我们谈论计划时，我们通常谈论的是未来的时间。英语使用者通过使用几种不同的结构来表示未来时间。
The first is to add the word will . For example, a student might say:
首先是添加 will 一词。例如，学生可能会说：
I will finish my homework later.
我稍后会完成作业。
The main verb is finish . The word will suggests a future time.
主要动词是完成。这个词将暗示未来的时间。
In everyday speech, English speakers often shorten will, as in:
在日常对话中，说英语的人经常缩短 will，如：
I’ll finish my homework later.
我稍后会完成作业。
When talking about summer plans, a person might say:
当谈论夏季计划时，人们可能会说：
We will travel in August.
我们将在八月旅行。
We’ll travel in August.
我们将在八月旅行。
But English speakers also use the structure be + going to to talk about future plans. An example of this would be:
但说英语的人也使用be+going to的结构来谈论未来的计划。一个例子是：
We are going to travel in August.
我们八月份要去旅行。
In everyday speech, going to is sometimes shortened to gonna , as in:
在日常用语中，going to 有时会缩写为gongo，如：
We’re gonna travel in August.
我们八月份要去旅行。
But will and be going to are not the only useful structures for talking about plans. Different kinds of expressions can also be helpful.
但 will 和 be to 并不是谈论计划时唯一有用的结构。不同类型的表达方式也会有所帮助。
Make + noun phrase
使+名词短语
Perhaps one of the most useful of these structures is make + noun phrase . A noun phrase is a group of words that act like a noun in a sentence.
也许这些结构中最有用的之一是 make + 名词短语。名词短语是一组在句子中充当名词的单词。
Consider this example:
考虑这个例子：
Have you made summer plans yet?
你已经制定好暑期计划了吗？
Yes, we talked, argued and finally made a decision.
是的，我们讨论、争论，最后做出了决定。
So, what are your plans?
那么，你有什么计划吗？
We made arrangements to stay at a hotel on the beach.
我们安排住在海滩上的一家酒店。
You don’t sound very happy about it...
听起来你对此不太高兴……
I wanted to go visit family!
我想去探望家人！
I’d rather go to the beach - your family must be a lot nicer than mine!
我宁愿去海滩——你的家人一定比我的家人好得多！
Note that the structure make + noun phrase appeared several times – made summer plans, made a decision, made arrangements.
请注意，make + 名词短语的结构出现了好几次——制定夏季计划、作出决定、作出安排。
In this case, make + noun phrase means to plan or decide to do something.
在这种情况下，make + 名词短语意味着计划或决定做某事。
Phrasal verbs
短语动词
English speakers also often use phrasal verbs when talking about plans. A phrasal verb is a verb and another short word or words that act together in a sentence. They take on a meaning different from what the individual words suggest.
说英语的人在谈论计划时也经常使用短语动词。短语动词是一个动词和另一个短词或多个词在句子中一起作用。它们的含义与单个单词所暗示的含义不同。
One common phrasal verb used for planning is pick up .
用于计划的一个常见短语动词是“pick up”。
Pick up has different meanings, but probably the most common one is to get or take something or someone from a place.
Pick up 有不同的含义，但最常见的含义可能是从某个地方获取或拿走某物或某人。
So, someone might plan to pick up a family member from the airport. Or, a person might plan to pick up some food.
因此，有人可能计划去机场接一位家人。或者，一个人可能计划去拿一些食物。
Consider this example:
考虑这个例子：
Are you going to pick up Ben at the airport?
你要去机场接本吗？
Yes, he arrives at 8 o’clock.
是的，他八点到。
What will you do for dinner?
晚餐你会做什么？
We will pick up some food on the way home.
我们会在回家的路上买一些食物。
Note that both will and be going to appear in the discussion, as does the phrasal verb pick up .
请注意，will 和 begoing 都会出现在讨论中，短语动词 pick up 也是如此。
Closing thoughts
结束语
Take some of the ideas you heard today and use them to write about your own plans. These plans can be real or imagined. What is important is that you get experience describing plans of many kinds.
采取一些你今天听到的想法，并用它们来写下你自己的计划。这些计划可以是真实的，也可以是想象的。重要的是您获得描述多种计划的经验。
Of course, there are many other ways you can talk about future plans... But we will wait to explore those ideas in a future program.
当然，还有很多其他方式可以谈论未来的计划......但我们将等待在未来的计划中探索这些想法。