Spring is lovely time of year in the United States. It is a time of growth and movement. Trees flower and birds sing.
在美国，春天是一年中最美好的时光。这是一个成长和运动的时期。树花鸟鸣。
In a celebration of spring, this week’s Everyday Grammar will explore phrasal verbs with the word “spring.” You will learn about the similarities and differences between “spring from,” “spring on,” and “spring up.”
为了庆祝春天，本周的日常语法将探讨带有“春天”一词的动词短语。您将了解“spring from”、“spring on”和“spring up”之间的异同。
Spring as a noun
春天作为名词
Spring is a season and a noun with several different meanings. But spring is also a verb. It means to move suddenly or quickly to a different position.
春天是一个季节，也是一个具有多种不同含义的名词。但春天也是一个动词。它的意思是突然或快速地移动到不同的位置。
This idea is important as we explore phrasal verbs with “spring” in them.
当我们探索带有“spring”的短语动词时，这个想法很重要。
Before we begin, a word about phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs have a verb and one or more short words linked to it. The verb and short word (or words) act together to take on a new meaning. They mean something different from what the individual words suggest.
在开始之前，先介绍一下短语动词。短语动词有一个动词和一个或多个与之相连的短词。动词和短词（或多个词）一起作用，呈现出新的含义。它们的含义与单个单词所暗示的含义有所不同。
So, spring, a verb, has a different meaning in the phrasal verb form “spring from.” What does “spring from” mean? Let’s find out.
因此，动词 spring 在短语动词形式“spring from”中具有不同的含义。 “源于”是什么意思？让我们来看看吧。
Spring from
春天从
The phrasal verb "spring from" is often followed by a noun. We say something sprang from something - when talking about the past.
短语动词“spring from”后面通常跟一个名词。当谈论过去时，我们说某事源于某事。
"Spring from" means to start from or to be caused by something.
“Spring from”的意思是从某事开始或由某事引起。
Imagine you hear a discussion with a famous musician. The musician might describe how he or she got the idea for a song:
想象一下您听到与一位著名音乐家的讨论。音乐家可能会描述他或她是如何想到一首歌的：
The song sprang from a childhood memory.
这首歌源自童年的记忆。
The meaning is that the childhood memory started or caused the idea for the song.
意思是童年的记忆开始或引发了这首歌的想法。
Now, let's consider the phrasal verb "spring on."
现在，让我们考虑一下动词短语“spring on”。
Americans generally use the structure spring (something) on (someone).
美国人通常使用 spring (something) on (someone) 结构。
It means to surprise a person with something, such as a request, decision or announcement.
它的意思是用某事给某人带来惊喜，例如请求、决定或公告。
Imagine you hear two workers talking after a business meeting. One worker might say to the other:
想象一下，您在商务会议后听到两名员工交谈。一名工人可能会对另一名工人说：
I can’t believe how the client sprang that bad news on us!
我不敢相信客户是如何向我们传达这个坏消息的！
The worker means that the client surprised the business with a sudden announcement.
工作人员的意思是客户突然宣布的消息让企业感到惊讶。
Our final phrasal verb is “spring up.” Spring up means to grow or appear suddenly.
我们的最后一个短语动词是“spring up”。 Spring up的意思是生长或突然出现。
It can have a close connection to spring, the season.
它可以与春天这个季节有密切的联系。
For example, you could say that in spring, flowers spring up overnight.
例如，你可以说春天，一夜之间鲜花盛开。
But many other kinds of things can spring up – problems, disagreements, weeds , and so on. So both problems and good things can spring up!
但许多其他类型的事情也可能出现——问题、分歧、杂草等等。所以问题和好事都会出现！
All about change
一切关于改变
You may have noticed that our phrasal verbs – and the noun spring, the season – carry or suggest the idea of a beginning, growth, movement or change.
您可能已经注意到，我们的短语动词——以及名词春天、季节——带有或暗示开始、成长、运动或变化的概念。
The next time you are learning new vocabulary – try to make connections between the meanings of different terms.
下次学习新词汇时，尝试在不同术语的含义之间建立联系。
You can think of these words as branches on a tree. While the branches stand out on their own, they are connected to the main part of the tree, the trunk. You can think of the trunk as a central idea or theme.
你可以把这些词想象成树上的树枝。虽然树枝本身很突出，但它们与树的主要部分（树干）相连。您可以将树干视为中心思想或主题。
In the same way, vocabulary words have different meanings, but they often have connections to a main idea.
同样，词汇有不同的含义，但它们通常与一个主要思想有联系。
Over time, your vocabulary will grow - just like a tree over the years.
随着时间的推移，你的词汇量将会增长——就像一棵树随着岁月的流逝而增长。
And with hard work, you will be able to use your growing vocabulary when different speaking opportunities "spring up."
通过努力，当不同的演讲机会“出现”时，你将能够使用不断增长的词汇量。