It’s still relatively early in the summer season in the Northern Hemisphere, but several parts of North America were sweltering in mid-July.
北半球的夏季还相对较早，但北美的部分地区在七月中旬却十分闷热。
The latest purveyor of heat was a strong ridge of high pressure that lingered in the upper atmosphere over the northern Rockies on the weekend of July 11-12, 2026. This pushed hot air toward the surface and trapped it there—a weather phenomenon meteorologists call a heat dome .
最新的热量输送者是2026年7月11日至12日周末在落基山脉北部上空高层大气中徘徊的强大高压脊。它将热空气推向地表并将其困在那里——气象学家将这种天气现象称为热穹。
Heat domes put the brakes on convection and suppress clouds and precipitation. This allows sunlight to reach Earth’s surface relatively unhindered and further elevate air temperatures. As a result of the July heat dome, sites in Montana, Wyoming, and Utah broke all-time temperature records.
热穹会抑制对流并抑制云层和降水。这使得阳光能够相对不受阻碍地到达地球表面，并进一步提高气温。由于七月的高温，蒙大拿州、怀俄明州和犹他州的气温打破了历史记录。
The map above shows air temperatures across the United States on July 12, 2026, at 2 p.m. Mountain Time, modeled at 2 meters (6.5 feet) above the ground. It was produced by combining satellite observations with temperatures predicted by a version of the GEOS (Goddard Earth Observing System) model, which uses mathematical equations to represent physical processes in the atmosphere. The darkest reds indicate areas where temperatures approached or exceeded 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit).
上面的地图显示了 2026 年 7 月 12 日下午 2 点美国各地的气温。山地时间，在距地面 2 米（6.5 英尺）处建模。它是通过将卫星观测与 GEOS（戈达德地球观测系统）模型预测的温度相结合而产生的，该模型使用数学方程来表示大气中的物理过程。最深的红色表示温度接近或超过 45 摄氏度（113 华氏度）的区域。
A preliminary analysis from the National Weather Service office in Billings found that temperature sensors at airports in Billings and Miles City, Montana (111°F and 115°F, respectively), and Sheridan, Wyoming (109°F), all recorded new all-time record highs on July 12. Each of these stations topped its previous record by at least 2°F, with Miles City breaking its record by a full 4°F. The Montana records date to the 1930s; the Sheridan record begins in 1907.
比林斯国家气象局办公室的初步分析发现，蒙大拿州比林斯和迈尔斯城（分别为 111°F 和 115°F）以及怀俄明州谢里登（109°F）机场的温度传感器均在 7 月 12 日创下了历史新高。这些站点都比之前的记录高出至少 2°F，其中迈尔斯城打破了整整 4°F。蒙大拿州的记录可以追溯到 20 世纪 30 年代；谢里登记录始于 1907 年。
Multiple locations in Utah broke all-time records as well, according to the National Weather Service office in Salt Lake City, including Deseret (111°F), Salt Lake City (109°F, or 4°F above the previous record), and Randolph (100°F, or 6°F above the previous record). These stations in Utah have records that date back to the 1890s.
根据盐湖城国家气象局办公室的数据，犹他州的多个地点也打破了历史记录，包括德塞雷特（111°F）、盐湖城（109°F，比之前的记录高 4°F）和伦道夫（100°F，比之前的记录高 6°F）。犹他州的这些电台的记录可以追溯到 1890 年代。
Extreme heat doesn’t just make people uncomfortable. It can have serious health consequences, particularly for older people. Extreme heat worsens common age-related health conditions such as heart, lung, and kidney disease. Health tracking data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that the rate of heat-related emergency department visits in the Mountain states spiked tenfold during the July heat.
酷热不仅让人感到不舒服。它可能会产生严重的健康后果，尤其是对老年人而言。酷热会使常见的与年龄相关的健康状况恶化，例如心脏、肺和肾脏疾病。美国疾病控制与预防中心的健康跟踪数据显示，在 7 月份的高温期间，山区各州与高温相关的急诊就诊率猛增了十倍。
Heat waves like this one have become more frequent in the United States in recent decades, according to researchers at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Using a NASA modeling system called MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications-2), one NASA team found that summer heat waves in the U.S. roughly doubled in number between 1980 and 2023, increasing from an average of two to four per month.
美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的研究人员表示，近几十年来，像这样的热浪在美国变得更加频繁。 NASA 的一个团队使用名为 MERRA-2（现代时代研究和应用回顾分析 -2）的建模系统发现，1980 年至 2023 年间，美国夏季热浪的数量大约增加了一倍，从平均每月 2 次增加到 4 次。
Forecasters expect the heat dome to spread east into the Midwest, New England, and the Mid-Atlantic in the coming days, where triple-digit temperatures are likely in some areas. The United States isn’t alone in facing significant heat. Parts of both Western Europe , Central Asia , and East Asia are also facing heat waves.
预报员预计，未来几天，热浪将向东蔓延到中西部、新英格兰和大西洋中部，部分地区的气温可能达到三位数。美国并不是唯一面临高温的国家。西欧、中亚和东亚部分地区也面临热浪。
NASA Earth Observatory image by Michala Garrison, using GEOS-FP data from the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office at NASA GSFC. Story by Adam Voiland.
NASA 地球观测站图像，由 Michala Garrison 拍摄，使用来自 NASA GSFC 全球建模和同化办公室的 GEOS-FP 数据。亚当·沃伊兰的故事。